| uqpxrpu| p |
wy t| }yrp~y px } p~s uqpxrpu| uyp|yxyrp~~ yu} {purp |u{~usyy uq|u |u{yrtp}y r t|yu|~} {~|y
u}} uwy}u
zyr pr{|uqp~yz R
ur
q|u y| ~ps
x{ p{s y~rup ~pwu~y . Pp{y{p {pxrpu , uq|u}p ~p~}y , r }up||
syu{z y }up~yx}r |
p yx ruxp~~
p{r y~
yt rt~s {p , {}u s , p{ y p quuyrpu px|y~u uwy} pq |u{yrtp t| rrtp r{p~ ys~p|r }tu| y pxz p~s {p }pr p|y yxrty r p{} qu us
|yrp~y , {u uqpx
~~z { }|u~~z pr}py{y y ru~y|r . Hpryy} }uwt
}uw~}y yrtp}y , y{|y qr y }}u~}) . Py } |
pu sp~yyu|~u tyt xp}u~u~
pr|u}}y (r{|p y ru~y|y~~ psuspr ~p ut|u~yu y y{}
y}u~u~y ~usquuspy u~|syz {rpu }~squpy}y |
rt~y{r}y
zrp}y , tu}~y{y , }y
u yx |u{yu{z }~y uqpxrpu| , ty uux u|q}u~~y{ , yx}u~ sytpr|yu{u yr|u~yu p{p {~|u} u|s {}|u{p px|y~ u~|syz y|y tryspu|}y , p{y u~|syu{y ur . E|y p}u pq
yrtp ~p~s psuspp rppu r ~~z }}u~ r ru} }wu~y y|x
u t| us
|y
u}s yrtp }w~ y yx}u~u~yu
|ryz pq ,
p~r{y {y rpu~y tryspu| ~py~pu ptp . S{ uqpxrpu| rtp p{y }
s|~ y}
|r , }
pxp }wu q t{|u~ { {~tu~p~}
uqpxrpu| ~}p|~ pqp r uwy}u pp||u|~ .@u}~ uqpxrpu| p uqpxrpu| uu}u~~s {p , r|{y , {p ust~ p}} ~ywp ~t xppq~z |p q|
wyrpus y r |yyu ptp uq
u y~t
{yr~-u}{~z y| , quuyrpu x~pyu|~p {~}y |u{~usyy . Qup|~u tpr|u~yu r u rt~pqwu~y . ^ {pz~u ypu|~ {pxrpu ~p rtu PX |us{ up|yx
u {{xp}{~
} } y}uu rx}w~ u{
upyy ~usyy . O rx}yu xpp 10% tpu {~}y |u{~usyy , ~ {|yur { sp}}y
u |xrpu|u} . B }|u~~y y ut
uwtp uu uqyu| , {stp uq|u~yu |u{~usyy 54% , uqpx
us ~~z , |u{yrt} . Pp{yu{yz y}u~u~y
pr|u} uwy}r py~p|~ pqp r yu}u sus rt~pqwu~y . E {|p yqr ~u |{ y pqu ~p ut~y ~pwu~y y ~pwu~y}y . B}uu uqpxrpu|}y p quuyrp rt~u ~pwu~yu y|xrp~yu} qp~z rxy (us
|yr{y y p}|y
t . Gu|pu|~ , p~p} ER , p{yu{y {
s|sty~ . B p|~u ru} r uu}u~~z , ~u ~ps
wpu up{yr~} {} y yxrtyu|~ (p{ {p{ r u uqpxrpu| ~yxy u~ . ^p xptpp }wu su~uyrp yx}u~u}u ~~u ~pwu~yu sp~yu~ }p{y}p|~} pqy} ~pwu~yu} t uq
u}s yx}u~u~y rt~s ~pwu~y . Sp{wu uzp t
~ y~usyrp~~u y|ru |
rt~y{ru {|y , p p{wu
pu ~p ~}y~p|~ . Ix}uu~yu s {|pp uqpxrpu|uz r }|u~~} yxrtru , p x~py , quxpy uus
x{ . B@u}~ uqpxrpu|uz q uqpxrpu| , p p{wu x~pyu|~
{~}y uq|u~y rt 34% . <>~y{ ~u |{ trp t~~ppr|u~~ {|p) , uq|u}p }~ y~p|~p {
q
{y ,
ru|yy ~p xtprpu}z ~ps~upu|u} , u} y|y p~ us
|y
u} yrtp } , }
q|p t{pxp~p px
wu xptryw{
, ~usy rtu|u r px|y~ uqpxrpu|uz p y yp
u . Py } |
pu
}}y
u yx uy . Bu|y{p t| |u{yrtr yxrtrp . 400 C , xpyrpu r } ru} rtu|u~y u|p (t 20 40 } . Xp~z uqpxrpu| rxp~~z ~uzp|~z {z }wu q t{|u~p { t~|~z y~
ytp|~z } }y
u yx ~y . Ry rqyp yq , p}|y
t y u{yr~u x~pu~yu y~t
{yr~y q}{ pp py~~~s |u{tryspu| xp u ~pu~y }puyp|p ~pwu~y r tryspu| uu}u~~s {p , q
ury }wu~yu ~~} , r u~p|~ {}up y {p{p ~ps
x{y y . O~y y}u q|uu u~r }up p|wu~y p}s ~pp ru . Sp{p qp~p rx p~ry {rptpy~z ppq| , p{ y yp
u . ^ }w~ quuy pqy|~u tpr|u~yu rt tpr|u~yu ~pp y ~~u~y 10% tpu rx}w~ q|uu r{u ~~u tpr|u~yu ~uutru~~
yxrtyu| . ^ q r|u us
|y
u}} pr}pyxyrp~~} |u{yrt} |u{tryspu| ~pp , ~ywp ~t xppq~z |p q|
wyrpus y p{yu{y {
s|sty~ . U}yrp~yu@prom-electric.ru/articles/1/1/
|